Network services that automatically assign IP addresses to devices on the network are called Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).
Explanation
DHCP is a client/server protocol used by a device such as a router or a server to automatically provide an IP address and other related configuration parameters to any device, such as a computer or printer, on the network.
DHCP eliminates the need for manual configuration of IP addresses and simplifies the process of adding devices to a network. DHCP typically runs on a local area network (LAN) and assigns an IP address from a pool of numbers or from a range that can be predefined by an administrator.
The protocol also provides additional information such as subnet mask, default gateway, DNS server IP addresses, and much more. DHCP also helps conserve address space by freeing up IP addresses that are no longer in use. This has become very important as IPv4 addresses are running out due to the growing number of devices connected to the Internet.
In addition to assigning IP addresses, DHCP can also be used for other network configuration tasks such as assigning default gateway, hostname, and DNS server addresses.
DHCP also helps with network security by providing a way to assign unique MAC addresses to each device on the network. This helps ensure that only authorized devices can access the network resources.